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MATRIX INTERMEDIATE WORKBOOK
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Unit 6 Taking risks


Reading

Skim reading

Write down what you think each of these sports involves.

    a BASE jumping     - a parachute jump from a building

    b bungee jumping     - jumping off a very high bridge with a long elastic rope tied to your legs, so that the rope pulls you back before you hit the surface

    c free-climbing     - climbing up a rock face without the ropes

    d off-piste in-lining     - rollerblading down a mountain

    e sky-surfing     - a type of skydiving in which the skydiver wears a board attached to his or her feet and performs surfing-style aerobatics

Read the article quickly and check your answers.

Exam training

Matching people to statements

In the exam, you may have to match statements to people. Use these points to help you:

1 Quickly read the article and underline the names of the people.

2 Read the statements carefully. Don't try to find the same words in the text.

3 Match the statement to the person. The statement should accurately paraphrase the text.

2 Matching people to statements

Statements 1-6 are from the article. Match them with the people a-d who make them.

Which of the people say:

1 they were worried during an extreme event?

2 their sport makes them feel very calm?

3 their sport is not risky?

4 not every extreme sport is life-endangering? (two people)

5 most fans don't do extreme sports?

6 some extreme sports are quite stupid?


a Mike Frost     c The writer

b Mehgan Heaney-Grier     d Steve Edmonds


1 they were worried during an extreme event? - Steve Edmonds

2 their sport makes them feel very calm? - Mehgan Heaney-Grier

3 their sport is not risky? - Mike Frost

4 not every extreme sport is life-endangering? - Mike Frost, Steve Edmonds (two people)

5 most fans don't do extreme sports? - The writer

6 some extreme sports are quite stupid? - Steve Edmonds

GENERATION
EXTREME

Remember when bungee jumping was the most daring extreme sport? 'X-games' have come a long way since then. Tobias Jones reports on the peculiar new world of the mad-for-it free-divers, BASE jumpers and sky-surfers.

At this year's X-Games, the Olympics of dangerous and daring 'sport', the sky-surfer Mike Frost will jump out of a plane above Mariner's Point, San Diego with a surf-board attached to his feet. At first he will start 'free-flying', a head-first dive through the sky, watching the Pacific Ocean below him as he reaches a speed of 288 kph. Then he will begin to spin at an amazing five revolutions per second, travelling sideways at a speed of 80 to 96 kph.

Nearer sea level, or rather a long way below it, Mehgan is Heaney-Grier goes 'free-diving' with no oxygen tanks. A 19-year-old, part-time model, Mehgan can hold her breath for up to two minutes and swim to depths of 50 metres. 'It's a very relaxing thing to do,' she says. 'When you're that deep underwater, you feel compressed all over. But it's absolutely beautiful and very peaceful.' Mehgan and Mike are just two of the many people who choose to spend their free time risking their lives.

The extreme sports craze started ten years ago. Since then most risk addicts have completed either a bungee jump or a parachute jump, and are now turning to new, more dangerous and at times truly silly sports. The list of life-endangering activities gets longer every week. Nowadays you can take up 'BASE jumping' (a jump from the top of a building), 'free-climbing' (climbing up a rock face without the ropes) or go 'off-piste in-lining' (rollerblading down a mountain). And everybody is doing it, or at least everybody is watching it. Millions of people around the world spectate as alternative sportspeople perform. For every brave participant, there are tens of thousands of viewers, oohing and aahing in their living rooms.

But just how extreme is extreme? According to Mike Frost, sky-surfing isn't as alarming as it seems. 'It's nice to have people think it's dangerous,' he admits, 'but really it's a very safe sport.' So what does 'extreme' mean? 'There's a lot of misuse of the word.' says Steve Edmonds, director of the extreme sports series High Five. 'People use it to describe something which looks risky but is often fairly safe. Snowboarding isn't extreme and neither is bungee jumping, but I've seen someone jump off buildings in San Diego and had to pray he was going to survive. Now that's extreme.'


The Independent on Sunday

3 Definitions

Explain in your own words what these people do.

1 viewers     people who watch something

2 risk addicts     people who cannot stop playing risky sports once they have started

3 brave participant     a daring sportsmen who takes part in dangerous activities

4 director     a person who is in charge of a film or a series of films and tells the actors how to play their parts

4 Adjectives

Match these adjectives with their meanings a-f.

daring a pleasant, not worrying
peculiar b ridiculous or foolish
relaxing c strange or odd, not normal
compressed d pressed into a small space
peaceful e quiet and calm
silly f brave, willing to take risks


daring - brave, willing to take risks
peculiar - strange or odd, not normal
relaxing - pleasant, not worrying
compressed - pressed into a small space
peaceful - quiet and calm
silly - ridiculous or foolish


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Unit 1. BORN TO BE BRILLIANT. Reading. In the mind's eye.
Unit 1. BORN TO BE BRILLIANT. Vocabulary. Phrasal verbs with more than one meaning.
Unit 1. BORN TO BE BRILLIANT. Grammar. Modals. Remember + ing or to-inf.
Unit 1. BORN TO BE BRILLIANT. Writing descriptions. Travel and sightseeing.

Unit 2. THE WRONG MAN. Reading. A sense of identity.
Unit 2. THE WRONG MAN. Vocabulary. Crime. Match the people with the definitions.
Unit 2. THE WRONG MAN. Grammar. Present simple, present continuous and present perfect.
Unit 2. THE WRONG MAN. Writing a profile. Words describing appearance.

Unit 3. TIMES PAST. Reading. BRINGING the past to life.

Unit 3. TIMES PAST. Vocabulary. TV programmes.
Unit 3. TIMES PAST. Grammar. Regular and Irregular Verbs.
Unit 3. TIMES PAST. Writing a Talk. The Millenium Dome.

Unit 4. SMALL BEGINNINGS. Reading. The man who really founded New York.
Unit 4. SMALL BEGINNINGS. Vocabulary. Nouns, verbs, adjectives.
Unit 4. SMALL BEGINNINGS. Grammar. The Future. Will.
Unit 4. SMALL BEGINNINGS. Writing a letter of complaint.

Unit 5. FAME AND FORTUNE. Reading. A dream come true? How winning a lottery can affect your life?
Unit 5.  FAME AND FORTUNE. Vocabulary. Prepositions. Money.
Unit 5.  FAME AND FORTUNE. Grammar. Modals. Language patterns: verb + noun/pronoun + infinitive with to.
Unit 5.  FAME AND FORTUNE. Writing a composition. The Lottery.

Unit 6. TAKING RISKS.  Reading. GENERATION EXTREME.
Unit 6. TAKING RISKS. Vocabulary. Phrasal verbs with take.
Unit 6. TAKING RISKS. Grammar. Relative pronoun. Who, whom, which or that Quiz. Purpose and result. Language patterns: verb + direct object + (to) do.
Unit 6. TAKING RISKS. Writing a biography.

Unit 7. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. Reading. Getting your Message Across.
Unit 7. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. Vocabulary. Adjectives ending in -ed an -ing. Feelings. Body language.
Unit 7. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. Grammar. Present perfect and past simple; present perfect simple and continuous; the passive.
Unit 7. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION. Writing a report. ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INTERNET TO YOUNG PEOPLE.
 

Unit 8. WHAT IF ... ? Reading. Poets and pop stars.
Unit 8.  WHAT IF ... ? Vocabulary. Words to do with poetry and music.
Unit 8.  WHAT IF ... ? Grammar. Conditionals. The verbs tell, talk, say and speak.
Unit 8.  WHAT IF ... ? Writing a discursive composition. An ideal job.

Unit 9. TRAVELLERS' TALES. Reading. A trip to America.
Unit 9. TRAVELLERS' TALES. Vocabulary. Describing a journey.
Unit 9. TRAVELLERS' TALES. Grammar. Past simple, past continuous or past perfect? Reflexive verbs.
Unit 9. TRAVELLERS' TALES. Writing a story. My holiday nightmare.

Unit 10. THE RIGHT CHOICE. Reading. DANGER: woman at work.
Unit 10. THE RIGHT CHOICE. Vocabulary. Negative prefixes. Phrasal verbs give up • get on • turn down • take on • fit in
Unit 10. THE RIGHT CHOICE. Grammar. Reported Speech. Direct and indirect objects.
Unit 10. THE RIGHT CHOICE. Writing a job application.
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