Пособие содержит практические упражнения различной степени сложности по основным разделам школьного курса английского языка.
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Вопросы и диалоги в косвенной речи
1. Kate said that she would go to see her friend the next day and asked Pete if he would come with her. Pete said that he would and added that he wanted to see her (Kate's) friend. 2. Victor asked Mary if her friend always came to school so early. Mary said that she didn't and explained that her friend had come so early that morning because she was on duty that day. 3. Nina suggested playing badminton. Mike agreed and added that he liked to play badminton very much. 4. Bill suggested running a race. Jack refused and explained that he had hurt his foot three days before and now he could not run. 5. Tom asked Becky if she would show him their new flat. Becky said that she would (Becky agreed) and invited Tom to come to their place the next day. 6. Lena said that there was a new film on at their cinema and suggested going and seeing it. Mike refused. He said that he could not go because he would be busy. 7. Ann wondered what they would do with Nick and added that he had got a bad mark again. Pete suggested helping him with his Russian and added that he was sure they could do it.
1. He wanted to know who that man was and added that he did not know him. 2. I thought that he was a very clever man and (that he) could help me. 3. My brother said that in two hours he would have finished his work and then he would go to the cinema. He suggested going to the cinema together. I agreed. 4. The teacher told us (the pupils) to open our (their) books and begin reading the new text. 5. The girl wanted to know the price of that dress. 6. I asked my father to help me with that problem and added that I could not solve it. My father agreed and suggested trying to solve it together. 7. He said that they had forgotten to take the ball. 8. She said that she would be very glad to see me. 9. Walter suggested going to the Philharmonic and added that there was a good concert there that night. Robert agreed and added that he had not been to the Philharmonic for a long time. 10. Alec asked me if I had ever been to the National Gallery. I answered that I had and added that I had visited it the year before when we were staying in London. 11. Kate suggested going to Finland for the winter holidays. Andrew refused and added that they had already been to Finland. He suggested going to Greece and added that it would be very interesting to see the country they had read about so much. Kate agreed. 12. Nellie said that she had gone to see Paul the day before but he had not been at home. Nick suggested going to see him that day. He added that he thought Paul would be at home. Nellie refused and said that she could not go that day because she was very busy.
1. Lena said that she had not seen him since the year before and added that she thought he had grown. She suggested going and seeing him the next day. I agreed and added that it would be interesting to see him and talk to him. 2. I asked my friend if he thought it was really correct and added that I was afraid he had made a mistake in one or two words. 3. Tom's mother said that that was enough. She said that Tom would never go there again and added that she would see to it. 4. Grandmother asked who would read the next story and added that it was very interesting and that she was sure we all should like it. 5. Lena asked her friend if he would come and see her on Friday. Her friend agreed and added that he thought he would be free on Friday. 6. He asked me whether I should need the book for a long time and added that he could give it to me only for a few days. 7. Mary said that soon she would know the whole poem perfectly and added that she had already learnt more than half of it. 8. John asked me if I should be able to find their house without him and added that I had never been to those parts. 9. She asked me not to ask her any more questions. She added that she was very tired and promised to answer all my questions the next day. 10. He told me that he would finish reading the book by Monday and added that I could have it then.
1. Don't call on me tomorrow as I shall not be at home. 2. Wait for me. 3. I have lived in St. Petersburg for many years and know the city very well. 4. I am sorry you haven't kept your promise. 5. I have just come from the United States and intend to stay in St. Petersburg for about a month. 6. I am not satisfied with my report and I am going to work on it for some more time. I am to make it on the twelfth of February and so I have a few days left. 7. I am quite all right. The climate hasn't done me any harm. 8. Where can I buy a video cassette? 9. Who rang you up in the morning?
1. An unfamiliar voice asked if that was Dmitri speaking. The man said that his name was Pavlov and that he had come from Moscow that day. He told me that he had brought some books for me from my friends. He added that he was staying at the Europe Hotel and wondered when and where he could see me. I suggested meeting at the monument to Pushkin in Arts Square at five o'clock if it was convenient to him. He agreed and added that he would be there. 2. The shop assistant said that the shoe department was downstairs. 3. The professor told his assistant that he had made great progress. 4. The teacher told us that we must read that text at home. 5. Paul said that they would have to discuss that text the next day. 6. She asked me if I knew who had taken her book. 7. We asked him what had happened to him and added that he looked very pale. 8. She told me that she hoped I had not forgotten to post the letter. 9. She asked me where I had put her gloves and added that she could not find them. 10. They told me to try that coat on before buying it and added that maybe I should not like it when I had put it on.
1. Mike asked Bob if he had done his homework or left it till the evening. He added that he had thought of inviting Bob to go to the theatre with him but had remembered that he nearly always did his homework in the evening. 2. Jack said that he was fond of Dickens. He said that he had been reading "The Old Curiosity Shop" the whole week. He added that he liked the novel very much and that he was reading it for the second time. 3. Tanya said that she thought her friend had finished reading "Jane Eyre". She added that she hoped her friend would give it to her soon and explained that she was eager to read it. 4. He asked me if I had a Russian-English dictionary. He wondered if I could let him have it for that evening. He added that he must do some very difficult translation. I agreed and added that I should not need the dictionary that night. 5. Nellie told Lydia that she had thought about her the night before. She wanted to know if Lydia had decided to go to Omsk with her parents or whether she would remain there with her aunt until she finished school.
It was morning. Nick's mother woke him up. She asked him if he heard the alarm clock. Nick did not want to get up. He said that he was very sleepy. His mother remarked (said) that Nick always said it. She told him to get out of bed quickly. Nick moaned. His mother told him again to be quick. She added that he would be late for school if he was not quick. Nick told his mother that it was all right and added that he had a lot of time. Nick's mother reminded him that he had to brush his teeth and to wash his hands and face. Nick answered that he remembered everything.
Kate was ill and Jane came to see her. She asked if she might come in. Kate recognized Jane and asked her to come in. She was very glad and said that it was very good of Jane to come and see her. Jane said that she had come before but Kate had been too ill to see anybody. She wanted to know if Kate had got the flowers. Kate answered that of course she had and added that it had been very nice of Jane to send them to her. Jane asked Kate how she was now. Kate thanked her and said that she was much better. She added that the doctor said that she would be allowed to go out in a few days. Jane wanted to know if Kate missed school. Kate answered that she missed school very much. She added that she was afraid she would be lagging behind the group in her lessons now. Jane told her not to think about it and added that they would help her. Kate thanked her.
Peter and John were classmates. One day they were going from school together. John asked Peter how he was getting along. Peter said that he was all right. He asked John what he thought about the last test in geometry. John said that he had found it rather difficult and added that he was not very good at solving problems. Peter wondered why John had not asked him to help him and added that he would gladly do it. John thanked him and said that he would. Then he wanted to know if Peter had a lot of homework for the next day. Peter answered that he had. He remarked (said) that John knew the timetable and that Friday was always a bad day. He reminded John that they had six lessons the next day and that all the subjects were difficult. He added that besides there would be questions from his little sister because she was not very good at sums. John agreed and said that he would come to Peter's place the next day in the evening, if Peter did not mind. Peter agreed and suggested making it the next day. He added that he would be waiting for John.
Susan came to consult the doctor. The doctor greeted her and asked what the matter with her was. Susan complained of feeling bad. She said that she had a headache and added that she was afraid she was running a temperature. The doctor told her to open her mouth and show him her throat. Then he said that Susan had a bad cold and that she must stay in bed for two days until her temperature was normal and she stopped coughing. Susan exclaimed that she hated being ill and staying in bed. The doctor told her that if she was not careful, she might fall ill with the flu or pneumonia. He added that he would prescribe some medicine. Susan thanked the doctor and said goodbye.
Michael and Bill were friends. Michael asked Bill to show him around a bit. He added that he had only come there two days before and had not been anywhere as yet. Bill answered that he would do it with pleasure. He suggested going at once. And he also suggested inviting Alice to come with them. He added that Alice knew a lot about the places of interest there. Michael said that it was a good idea. Then Bill asked Alice if she could come with them. He told her that they were going for a walk and that he wanted to show Michael some places of interest. Alice refused to go with the boys. She said that she was sorry, but her mother had told her to buy some bread and she had forgotten about it. She added that she would have to do it now. She told the boys to go without her and promised to go with them some other time. Bill said that it was a pity, and he and Michael went alone.
A man entered a cafe and sat down at a table. A waiter came up to him and asked what he would order. The man wanted to see the menu. The waiter gave him the menu. Looking through the menu, the man said that he wanted chicken soup for the first course. As he was not sure what to order for the second course, the waiter recommended him to take fried fish and added that it was very good. The man agreed. Then the waiter asked him if he wanted some vegetables, and the man asked for some potatoes. He also ordered cheese, coffee and fruit.
Инфинитив
1. to. 2. V. 3. V. 4. V. 5. to. 6. to. 7. V. 8. to. 9 V. 10. to. 11. to. 12. to. 13. V. 14. V. 15. V. 16. to. 17. to. 18. V. 19. to, V. 20. to. 21. V. 22. to. 23 to 24. to. 25. V. 26. V. 27. to.
1. to warm you up. 2. for you to clean your teeth with. 3. to prove that your theory is correct. 4. to rub on your hands. 5. for you to fasten the shelves to the wall. 6. to relieve your headache. 7. to be translated for tomorrow. 8. to write with. 9. to read now. 10 to be considered (for us to consider). 11. to take care of. 12. to read. 13. to help you with your spelling. 14. to take care of. 15. to say on this subject. 16. for him to do. 17. to explain these words to you. 18. to take soon. 19. to serve him.
1. She is too fat to wear this dress now. 2. The accident was too terrible to talk about. 3. They were too empty-headed to learn. 4. The window was too dirty to see through. 5. She was too foolish to understand my explanation. 6. I have too little wool to make a sweater. 7. The problem is too difficult to solve. 8. The box is too heavy to carry. 9. The baby is too little to walk. 10. He is too weak to lift this weight. 11. She is too busy to talk with you. 12. She was too inattentive to notice the mistake. 13. The rule was too difficult for them to understand. 14. He was too stupid to see the joke.
1. To begin with, she opened all the windows. 2. My neighbour is difficult to deal with. 3. To tell you the truth, I am very tired. 4. His behaviour leaves much to be desired. 5. To put it mildly, you surprised me. 6. These children are pleasant to look at. 7. To cut a long story short, they got married. 8. The most famous book by Jerome is "Three Men in a Boat, to Say Nothing of the Dog." 9. You are hard to please. 10. To say the least of it, we were surprised. 11. To put it mildly, she was impolite. 12. Your work leaves much to be desired. 13. To tell you the truth, I don't like boxing. 14. Your sister is hard to please. 15. To begin with, I am busy. 16. He was pleasant to look at. 17. To cut a long story short, he did not pass the examination. 18. We were all glad, to say nothing of Mother: she said it was the happiest day in her life. 19. Your composition leaves much to be desired. 20. It is very strange, to say the least of it.
1. To tell the truth, I don't like it. 2. They had nothing to eat. 3. Who is to blame? 4. To cut a long story short, he hasn't done his homework. 5. Mother is always the first to get up in our family. 6. She is pleasant to to look at. 7. To translate this article you must use a dictionary. 8. In summer I have nowhere to go to. 9. It was out of the question to bathe in this river. 10. He had nobody to discuss this problem with. 11. Yesterday Kate was the last to come to school. 12. To get a good mark, you must work hard. 13. She is difficult to deal with. 14. What is to be done? 15. To begin with, he is ill. 16. To read Dickens in the original, you must know the language well. 17. To put it mildly, he is wrong (not right). 18. She was not to blame. 19. The child has nobody to play with. 20. To see is to believe. 21. To catch this train you should (must) hurry. 22. It is out of the question to buy a car this year. 23. The book leaves much to be desired.
1. Играть в шахматы было его самым большим удовольствием. 2. Ребенок не любил, когда его мыли. 3. Не правда ли, это естественно, что мы любим, когда нас хвалят, и не любим, когда нас ругают? 4. Что более приятно: делать подарки или получать их? 5. У природы есть много секретов, которые предстоит открыть. 6. Чтобы улучшить ваше произношение, вам следует записывать и анализировать вашу речь. 7. Это книга, которую надо прочитать во время летних каникул. 8. Проходить обучение у такого хорошего специалиста было большим преимуществом. 9. Он очень забывчив, но не любит, когда ему напоминают о его обязанностях.
1. Ребенок был счастлив, что его привели домой. 2. Джейн вспомнила, что ей много рассказывали о мистере Рочестере. 3. Дети были в восторге от того, что их привели в цирк.4. Я сожалею, что испортил Вам настроение. 5. Мэгги была очень обеспокоена тем, что забыла покормить кроликов. 6. Я ужасно рад, что встретил Вас. 7. Простите, что поставил Вас в такое неприятное положение. 8. Я очень счастлив, что имел удовольствие познакомиться с Вами. 9. Я сожалею, что заставил Вас ждать. 10. Клайд был ужасно рад, что возобновил свое знакомство с Сондрой. 11. Извините, что я не заметил Вас. 12. Я сожалею, что добавил неприятностей тем, что рассказал Вам. 13. Когда Клайд посмотрел на девушку внимательно, он вспомнил, что видел ее в компании Сондры. 14. Я вспомнил, что был растроган сценой, которую наблюдал.
1. It is certain to rain if you don't take your umbrella. 2. Don't promise to do it if you are not sure that you can. 3. He was happy to be praised by everybody. 4. He was very proud to have helped his elder brother. 5. She was sorry to have missed the beginning of the concert. 6. I am glad to see all my friends here. 7. I was afraid to go past that place alone. 8. My sister will be thrilled to be wearing a dress as lovely as that. 9. We must wait to hear the examination results. 10. She is happy to have found such a nice place to live in. 11. I should be delighted to join you. 12. He hopes to know everything by tomorrow.
1. to read. 2. to be reading. 3. to have been reading. 4. to have read. 5. to be. 6. to be helped. 7. to have been playing. 8. to have done. 9. to have been working. 10. to have broken. 11. to take. 12. to be taken. 13. to help. 14. to be helped. 15. to see.
1. to be quarrelling. 2. to have been working. 3. to be heard. 4. to be lost, to find, to have been dropped. 5. to have been waiting. 6. to be bothering, to be given. 7. to appear, to be talked. 8. to tell, to know. 9. to earn, to be read, not to be forgotten. 10. to have been, to have seen. 11. to know, to have spent. 12. to have overthrown, to be advancing. 13. to be reading, not to have heard. 14. to be looking. 15. to have been snowing.
1. I am glad to have told you this story. 2. I am glad to have been told this story. 3. I want to introduce you to this actress. 4. I want to be introduced to this actress. 5. I am glad to have met her at the station. 6. I am glad to have been met at the station. 7. We are happy to have invited him to the party. 8. We are happy to have been invited to the party. 9. He will be happy to visit this famous picture gallery. 10. He was happy to have visited this famous picture gallery. 11. Children like to be told fairy tales. 12. I did not intend to stop at this station. 13. I did not expect to be stopped. 14. I am sorry to have caused you so much trouble. 15. He cannot stand to be told lies. 16. I remembered to have come across this word in some book. 17. I am very sorry to have missed this interesting lecture. 18. She is happy to have heard the concert of the famous Italian conductor. 19. She is glad to have been present at the lecture. 20. He is very glad to have finished his book. 21. Our sportsmen are proud to have won the cup. 22. I only want to be allowed to help you. 23. I was grateful to have been given a room with a large window. 24. He was happy to have returned home. 25. He was happy to be at home again. 26. I am sorry to have interrupted you. 27. I am sorry not to have found you at home. 28. Jane was happy to be leaving Mrs. Reed. 29. Rochester was glad to meet Jane. 30. Rochester was glad to have met Jane.
ПРИЧАСТИЕ
1. Все смотрели на танцующую девочку. 2. Маленькая полная женщина, стоящая у окна, — моя бабушка. 3. Мужчина, играющий на рояле, — Катин дядя. 4. Войдя в комнату, она включила свет. 5. Придя в театр, она увидела, что спектакль уже начался. 6. Выглянув в окно, он увидел свою мать, поливающую цветы (...увидел, что его мать поливает цветы). 7. Услышав звуки музыки, мы перестали разговаривать. 8. Она вошла в комнату, оставив дверь открытой. 9. Работая за своим письменным столом, он слушал новый (компакт-)диск. 10. Выбежав на дорогу, молодой человек остановил такси. 11. Просматривая газету, она заметила фотографию своего босса. 12. Применяя химические вещества, пожарные вскоре потушили пожар в лесу.
1. All the people living in this house are students. 2. The woman speaking now is our secretary. 3. The apparatus standing on the table in the corner of the laboratory is quite new. 4. The young man helping the professor in his experiments studies at our university . 5. People taking books from the library must return them on time. 6. There are many pupils in our class taking part in all kinds of extracurricular activities.
1. Feeling now more at ease, the man spoke in a louder voice. 2. Knowing who the man was, Robert was very pleased to have the chance of talking to him. 3. Thinking that it was his brother at the window, Steve decided to open it. 4. Being afraid of falling into a ditch in the darkness at any moment, the people felt their way about very carefully. 5. Needing a shelter for the night, Peter decided to go to the neighbours' house.
1. You must have much practice when learning to speak a foreign language. 2. When speaking English, pay attention to the word order. 3. When copying English texts, pay attention to the articles. 4. When beginning to work with the dictionary, don't forget my instructions. 5. Be careful when crossing a street. 6. When leaving the room, don't forget to switch off the light. 7. When travelling in Central Africa, the explorers met many wild animals.
1. Она поставила передо мной тарелку жареной рыбы. 2. Пальто, купленное в прошлом году, теперь мне слишком мало. 3. Никто не видел вещей, хранящихся в этом ящике. 4. Моя сестра любит вареные яйца. 5. Мы остановились перед закрытой дверью. 6. Будучи привязана к дереву, коза не могла убежать. 7. Они увидели опрокинутые столы и стулья, и осколки разбитого стекла, валяющиеся по всей комнате. 8. Это церковь, построенная много лет назад. 9. Книги, написаннные Диккенсом, дают нам реалистичную картину Англии XIX века.
1.
а) Письмо, посланное из Петербурга сегодня, будет в Москве завтра.
b) На почте он увидел несколько человек, посылающих телеграммы.
c) Посылая телеграмму, она забыла написать свое имя.
2. а) Некоторые вопросы, заданные вчера лектору, были очень важными.
b) Девушка, ставящая книгу на полку, — наш новый библиотекарь.
c) Укладывая яйца в корзинку, она разбила одно из них.
3.
а) Рыба, вытащенная из воды, не может жить.
b) Человек, принимающий солнечную ванну, должен быть очень осторожен.
c) Взяв словарь, он начал переводить текст.
4.
а) Линия, видимая через этот кристалл, выглядит двойной.
b) Учитель, видя (видящий) ошибку в диктанте студента, всегда исправляет ее.
c) Увидев над домом клубы дыма, девочка закричала: "Пожар! Пожар!"
5.
а) Слово, сказанное студентом, было неправильным.
b) Человек, стоящий у входа в вагон поезда и прощающийся со своими друзьями, — известный музыкант.
c) Стоя у окна, она махала рукой.
6.
а) Слово, произнесенное вовремя, может дать очень важные результаты.
b) Студенты, хорошо говорящие по-английски, должны помочь своим одноклассникам.
c) Говорящая кукла очень заинтересовала ребенка.
d) Разговаривая с Колей несколько дней назад, я забыл спросить его о его сестре.
1. a) singing b) sung. 2. a) washing b) washed. 3. a) doing b) done. 4. a) surrounded b) surrounding. 5. a) writing b) written. 6. translated. 7. visited. 8. lying. 9. bought. 10. organized. 11. taking. 12. lost. 13. painted. 14. received. 15. playing. 16. written. 17. written. 18. covered. 19. lost. 20. going. 21. gathered. 22. blown. 23. turning. 24. coming. 25. standing.
1. Living. 2. Talking. 3. Having read. 44. Having bought. 5. Sitting. 6. Doing. 7. Having done. 8. Selling. 9. Having sold. 10. Having eaten. 11. Drinking. 12. Running. 13. Looking. 14. Having written, having learnt.
1. Будучи очень больна, она не могла ходить в школу. 2. Первые лучи восходящего солнца осветили вершину холма. 3. Дерево, пораженное молнией, было черным, и на нем не было листьев. 4. Будучи занят, он отложил поездку. 5. Дверь, запертую изнутри на засов, было не открыть. 6. Так как путешественникам показали не то направление, они вскоре заблудились. 7. Комната, выходящая окнами в сад, гораздо более удобна, чем эта. 8. Спустившись с горы, они услышали человека, звавшего на помощь (... услышали, как какой-то человек зовет на помощь). 9. Раскрасневшийся и возбужденный, мальчик подбежал к своей матери. 10. Он стоял, наблюдая за людьми, которые шли по улице, крича и размахивая руками. 11. Мальчик лежал и спал, когда пришел доктор. 12. Доктор осмотрел сломанную руку. 13. Когда его осматривали, мальчик не мог удержаться от слез. 14. Прописав лекарство, доктор ушел. 15. Лекарство, прописанное доктором, было горьким. 16. Платье, купленное в универмаге, было очень красивым. 17. Пользуясь иголкой, вы должны быть осторожны, чтобы не уколоть палец. 18. Переходя улицу, нужно сначала посмотреть налево, а потом направо. 19. Люди, смотрящие спектакль, называются зрителями.
Bringing, brought, bringing, having brought, translating, translated, translating, having translated, giving, having written, reading, taking, given, having read, done, drinking, said, being lost, having drawn, WHO HAS (HAD) WRITTEN, doing, taken, having taken, drawing, drunk, having done, going, writing, read, having given, drawing, doing, drawn, having drunk, speaking, taking, written, reading, going, giving, having said, WHO WAS (HAD BEEN) SITTING, having looked, being forgotten, building, being built, playing, having played, told, WHO HAS (HAD) TOLD, seeing, WHO HAS (HAD) BROUGHT, being (having been) brought, built, having sold.
1. When running across the yard, he fell. 2. When going home yesterday, I kept thinking about my friend. 3. Putting on his coat, he went out and looked at the cars passing by. 4. Closing the book, she put it aside and looked at the children running about in the yard. 5. Being translated into Russian, the book could be read by everybody. 6. Being given dictionaries, we managed to translate the article easily. 7. Having done my homework, I shall go for a walk. 8. Having bought the book, I shall begin reading it.
1. Having phoned, saying. 2. Written. 3. Writing. 4. Having spent. 5. Being. 6. having been given. 7. Not wishing. 8. Translated. 9. Having been approved. 10. Having waited. 11. Waiting. 12. having walked. 13. Lying. 14. leaving.
1. Having left the house and crossing the street, he suddenly stopped remembering that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 2. He looked at me and hesitated, not knowing what to say. 3. Having long lived in those parts and knowing the place very well, he easily found his way to the marketplace. 4. He had no language problems, having studied English for a long time. 5. Having written this exercise, I began to doubt whether it was correct. 6. Take care when crossing the street. 7. Students should always be attentive when listening to the lecturer. 8. There are many students studying music. 9. Don't you feel tired having walked so much? 10. Arriving at the railway station, he bought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train. 11. Being promised help, he felt quieter. 12. Having been shown in, he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while. 13. Starting the building of the house at once, Robinson finished it before the season of rains set in. 14. Pouring out a cup of coffee, he sat down in an armchair and looked at the woman sitting opposite him.
1. The actress telling children fairy tales over the radio is famous all over the country. 2. The child always listens with interest to the fairy tales told by the nurse. 3. Telling the children fairy tales, she speaks in different voices imitating the characters of the tales. 4. (5.) The fairy tale told by the nurse produced a great impression on the child. 5. (4.) Having told a fairy tale to the child, she wished him good night. 6. My granny, who has told me this fairy tale, lives in a little house on the lake shore.
1. The boy running past the house suddenly stopped. 2. Being very busy, he did not hear me at once. 3. Hearing the steps, he looked up. 4. Having drunk a cup of tea, she felt better. 5. Playing in the garden, the children did not notice that it had become dark. 6. Going up to the door, he opened it. 7. Tom went up to the laughing girl. 8. He put a crumpled letter on the table. 9. The crying girl was hungry. 10. The grandmother was looking at the children playing in the yard. 11. She likes to look at playing children. 12. Having done their homework, the children went for a walk. 13. Lying on the sofa, he was reading a book. 14. Having brought his toys into the room, the child began playing. 15. Having read many books by Dickens, he knew this writer well.
Независимый причастный оборот. Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
1. Вы можете успокоиться, так как все хорошо. 2. Так как у вора не было ни одного шанса бежать, его арестовали на месте. 3. Оливер негромко постучал в дверь и, так как силы оставили его, опустился на ступеньку около двери. 4. Так как мост снесло наводнением, поезд опоздал. 5. Так как оставалось мало времени, они наняли кэб, чтобы добраться до театра вовремя. 6. Так как было холодно и сыро, разожгли костер, у которого усталые путешественники могли обогреться. 7. Так как было довольно поздно, они решили отложить свой визит. 8. Так как час был поздний, она поспешила домой. 9. Так как солнце село час назад, становилось темнее. 10. Так как погода была холодной, он надел пальто. 11. Так как погода переменилась, мы решили остаться там, где были. 12. Так как погода была очень теплой, окно чулана было оставлено открытым. 13. И так как ветер прекратился, они отправились на прогулку. 14. Так как судно сидело довольно глубоко в воде и погода была безветренной, они почти не двигались. 15. Так как сопротивление было очень высоким, ток в цепи был очень слабым. 16. Так как этот материал является диэлектриком, по нему не может идти ток. 17. На следующее утро, так как это было воскресенье, они все пошли в церковь. 18. В данный момент мастерская была пуста, так как механик вышел в заднюю комнату. 19. Так как на столе больше ничего не было, Оливер ответил, что он не голоден. 20. Так как миссис Мейли устала, они возвратились домой более медленным шагом. 21. Так как их поиски ни к чему не привели, она и Клайд дошли до угла. 22. Так как дует попутный ветер, наша яхта достигнет острова моментально. 23. Мистер Мэлл каждый день давал мне длинные задания, но я делал их, так как здесь не было мистера и мисс Мерд-стоун. 24. Так как было уже довольно поздно, мы взяли свечи и пошли наверх. 25. Так как о нем больше ничего не было слышно, было естественным все забыть. 26. Он отправился около пяти часов, так как Риггз сказал ему, что путь займет три часа. 27. Так как наши лошади утомились, было решено, что мы сделаем остановку. 28. Так как было решено не выходить из-за непогоды, члены группы занялись своими заметками. 29. Так как ветер шумел в деревьях и кустах, мы ничего не слышали.
1. Когда договор был подписан, торговля тотчас же была возобновлена. 2. Около одиннадцати часов он снова вышел на улицу, когда день стал яснее и немного теплее, чем предыдущий, а снег растаял. 3. Когда обед был закончен, мы собрались в гостиной. 4. Когда наступило пятое июня, они уехали. 5. Когда он закончил давать указания привратнику, он подошел к племяннице. 6. Когда это поняли, конференция закончилась. 7. Когда скованность, вызванная присутствием старика, немного рассеялась, разговор стал более оживленным. 8. Когда это было сделано и Сайке утолил свой голод, оба мужчины улеглись на стульях вздремнуть. 9. Когда концерт закончился, началась лотерея. 10. Когда обед закончился, старая дама попросила Барбару подойти к ней и сесть рядом на диван. 11. Затем, когда поиски в доме показали, что ее там нет, Эйза вышел поискать ее на улице. 12. Когда все необходимые приготовления были проделаны в обстановке крайней секретности, армия пошла в атаку. 13. Когда катод нагревают, электроны покидают поверхность и переходят к аноду. 14. Когда по проводу двигаются электроны, вырабатывается электрическая энергия.
1. Потом они услышали шум самолета, и его тень пробежала по поляне. 2. Она вспомнила, как он говорил, и как очки делали большими его круглые синие глаза. 3. Она сидела, неотрывно глядя на огонь, а забытый носок лежал на ее коленях. 4. Он слышал, как купальщики идут по песчаной дороге, а их звенящие голоса нарушают тишину. 5. Они продолжали свой путь; мальчик тихо всхлипывал, мужчина чувствовал себя смущенным. 6. Они вместе пошли вниз по лестнице, причем Эйлин немного отставала. 7. Они оба стояли, он поднял крышку и держал ее в руке, пока она пила. 8. Она танцевала легко как перышко, ее глаза сияли, ноги летели, стан немного склонился вперед. 9. Мы очень медленно попели домой; Агнес и я любовались лунным светом, а мистер Уикфилд почти не поднимал глаз от земли. 10. Они быстро проходили улицу за улицей, причем Доджер шел впереди, указывая путь, а Оливер следовал за ним по пятам. 11. Он стоял молча, но его губы кривились горькой усмешкой. 12. Пес сидел возле стола, его хвост то и дело постукивал по полу, а глаза были с надеждой устремлены на хозяина. 13. Электроны движутся с различными скоростями, причем их скорость зависит от температуры и от материала. 14. Любой движущийся предмет может производить работу, причем количество кинетической энергии зависит от его массы и скорости. 15. Радио было изобретено в России, а его изобретателем был русский ученый А. С. Попов.
1. Она стояла с безразличным видом, опустив голову на грудь. 2. Она поднялась с кровати, сняла пальто и стояла не двигаясь, опустив голову и сжав руки. 3. С побледневшими губами и сильно бьющимся сердцем, Эндрю последовал за секретарем. 4. Джек сидел молча, вытянув длинные ноги. 5. Оратор посмотрел на слушателей, подняв руку в ожидании тишины. 6. Он быстро сел, закрыв лицо руками. 7. Клайд сел, устремив взгляд не на то, что было перед ним, а на далекую сцену перед озером. 8. Она шла быстро, и плотный снег скрипел под ее каблуками.
1. Маленький Пол сидел, оперевшись подбородком на руку. 2. Он стоял, скрестив руки. 3. Лэнни стоял и смотрел на отъезжавший грузовик, щеки его горели, и кулаки были сжаты. 4. Она стояла там, причем ее брови были нахмурены, а ее голубые глаза смотрели вперед (Она стояла там, нахмурив брови и глядя перед собой своими голубыми глазами). 5. Он немного склонился над столом, опираясь на него руками. 6. А затем наступил финал, и охрана пришла за ним. 7. Он неторопливо и бережно расправил бумагу на столе, а Лоуэлл внимательно наблюдал за ним. 8. Она стояла на скале, готовая прыгнуть, а зеленая вода внизу манила ее. 9. Двадцать минут спустя он вышел из седьмого номера, бледный, губы его были плотно сжаты, а на лице застыло странное выражение. 10. Маленький Оливер Твист лежал на земле, его рубашка была расстегнута, а голова откинута назад. 11. Девушка побрела прочь, и по ее щекам катились слезы. 12. Залитая лунным светом дорога была пустынной, и в лицо им дул прохладный ветерок. 13. Она сидела на ступеньках, сложив руки на коленях. 14. Потом, с сильно бьющимся сердцем, она подошла и позвонила.
1. Our work being finished, we went home. 2. The letter being posted today, the news will reach them tomorrow. 3. Mother permitting, we shall go to the theatre. 4. The working day being over, she went straight home. 5. A storm arising, the ship entered the harbour. 6. The packing being done, the girls left for the station. 7. The stop being a long one, the girls got off the train. 8. The weather being perfect, Lydia played tennis every day. 9. The last month being a very busy one, she could not answer her friend's letter. 10. Time permitting, we shall come a few days earlier. 11. The third bell having gone, the curtain slowly rose. 12. The underground station being not far, we walked there. 13. Bill could not sleep the whole night, there being something wrong with his eye. 14. The rules being very strict, the doorkeeper did not permit Bill to enter. 15. The front door being open, she could see straight through the house. 16. Rip had no desire to work on his farm, it being to his mind the worst piece of land in the neighbourhood. 17. They stood there, the night wind shaking the drying whispering leaves. 18. The situation being urgent, we had to go ahead. 19. The greetings being over, Old Jolyon seated himself in a wicker chair. 20. The town of Crewe is known to be one of the most busy junctions in England, many railway lines passing through it. 21. We set off, the rain still coming down heavily. 22. A private sitting room being engaged, bedrooms (being) inspected and dinner (being) ordered, the party walked out to view the city. 23. Dinner was served on the terrace, it being very close in the room. 24. Thoughtful, Andrew finished his omelette, his eyes all the time fixed upon the microscope. 25. There being in fact nothing to wait for, we got down to work. 26. The question being rather difficult to answer at once, I asked for permission to think it over. 27. He stood leaning against the wall, his arms folded. 28. There being very little time left, we had to hurry. 29. Of an evening he read aloud, his small son sitting by his side. 30. The new engines were safely delivered, all of them being in good order. 31. Our efforts to start the car having failed, we spent the night in a nearby village.
1. There still being half an hour left before the train's departure, we decided to have supper at the railway station. 2. The weather being favourable, the I sportsmen may show good results. 3. For a long time we were talking, he asking me questions and I readily answering them. 4. Circumstances permitting, I shall come to your place for the summer. 5. It being very warm, the children slept (were sleeping) in the open. 6. All the preparations being over, we went hiking. 7. The ship was slowly sailing along the shores of the White Sea, hundreds of birds circling over it. 8. It was very dark, there being not a single star in the sky. 9. The sun having set, the tourists made a fire. 10. It being very late, the meeting was closed. 11. Weather permitting, we shall go to the skating rink. 12. Everything being ready, she decided to rest. 13. It being already very late, they did not go anywhere. 14. The weather being cold, Jack put his hands into his pockets. 15. It getting dark quickly, she hurried home. 16. The sun having set, it became dark at once. 17. Our conversation being over, I went home. 18. The letter written (being written), she quickly ran to the post office to send it.
ГЕРУНДИЙ
1. Он занимается ремонтом автомашин (Его бизнесом является ремонт автомашин). 2. Само собой разумеется. 3. Жить в маленьких душных комнатах значит дышать отравленным воздухом. 4. Железо добывают из земли. 5. Есть два способа получения сахара: один — из свеклы, а другой — из сахарного тростника. 6. Джейн Эйр любила читать. 7. Мисс Тротвуд имела обыкновение спрашивать совета у мистера Дика. 8. Вы кончили писать? 9. Принимать холодный душ утром очень полезно. 10. Я люблю ходить на лыжах, но моя сестра предпочитает кататься на коньках. 11. Она любит сидеть на солнце. 12. Похоже, что будет дождь. 13. Мои часы нуждаются в починке. 14. Спасибо, что вы пришли. 15. Я не надеялся получить ответ до конца месяца. 16. Я имел удовольствие танцевать с ней весь вечер. 17. Давай покатаемся на лодке. 18. Он говорил, не останавливаясь. 19. Некоторые люди могут ходить весь день, не уставая.
А. Я действительно жду с нетерпением поездки в Нью-Йорк.
В. Да? А я нет. Я не выношу бывать в шумных городах.
A. Но Нью-Йорк — замечательный город. Я обожаю смотреть на его небоскребы, посещать музеи, я люблю его исторические памятники, Статую Свободы.
B. А я не люблю ходить по музеям. Я вовсе не жду, что поеду туда.
A. Но это так интересно! Мне нравится слушать звуки Нью-Йорка: его движение, речь на разных языках.
B. Этот Шум! Поверь мне, терпеть не могу посещать шумные города.
A. Ну, это же будет такое удовольствие! Ведь Нью-Йорк — это огромный город, в котором бьет ключом жизнь людей со всего света. (Это огромный город, в котором множество разных людей со всего света становятся нью-йоркцами. This is the idea of 'a melting pot'. Н. Егорова) А столицу мира стоит посмотреть. Это так интересно!
B. Это ты так думаешь! Знаешь, и город такой грязный.
А. Ты прав, он грязный. Но этот город и красив. В Нью-Йорке, Большом Яблоке, в самом деле стоит побывать!
1. I thought of coming and seeing you tomorrow. 2. I am thinking of going out to the country. 3. What do you think you will do tomorrow? — I don't know; I thought of going to the zoo, but the weather is so bad that probably I shan't go. 4. I hear there are some English books at our institute bookstall now. — So you are thinking of buying some, aren't you? 5. I thought of working in the library this evening, but as you have come, I won't go to the library. 6. We were thinking of planting roses this year.
1. After taking the child to the kindergarten, she went to the library to study for her exam. 2. After making a thorough study of the subject, he found that it was a great deal more important than he had thought at first. 3. After hesitating some minutes whether to buy the hat or not, I finally decided that I might find one I liked better in another shop. 4. After graduating from the university, she left St. Petersburg and went to teach in her hometown. 5. After proving that his theory was correct, he started studying ways and means of improving the conditions of work in very deep coalmines.
1. Она всегда мечтала жить в маленьком домике у моря. 2. Ей не нравилось жить в своем старом доме. 3. Она думала о том, чтобы купить новый дом. 4. Итак, она получает огромное удовольствие от того, что живет в красивом новом доме. 5. Конечно же, она скучает по общению с соседями. 6. Она обычно любила поболтать с ними и была не прочь помочь им. 7. Ей очень нравится готовить, и она прекрасно справляется с этим. 8. Но она не любит стирать и гладить. 9. Она ненавидит рано вставать,.но ей приходится это делать. 10. Вы знаете, она ничего не имеет против того, чтобы много работать. 11. Ей доставляет удовольствие водить дорогую машину. 12. Она всегда мечтала о путешествии вокруг света (о том, чтобы совершить путешествие вокруг света). 13. Но она терпеть не может летать на самолете, и поэтому она никогда не была за морем (за границей). 14. Она возглавила коммерческую фирму, несмотря на то, что она женщина в мире мужчин (в мире бизнеса). 15. Она любит встречаться с людьми, потому что она не выносит одиночества. 16. Она обожает беседовать с представителями прессы и появляться в телепередачах. 17. Ей доставляет большое удовольствие фотографироваться, так как она считает, что она красива. 18. Она ненавидит, когда над ней смеются. 19. Ей нравится, когда на нее пристально смотрят, поскольку она думает, что она привлекательна. 20. Но она терпеть не может, когда ее игнорируют (когда на нее не обращают внимание).
Артикли, английские имена существительные и прилагательные, местоимения и предлоги
Глагол to be и все времена
Страдательный залог (Passive Voice), согласование времен, инфинитив, причастие, герундий, Complex Object, Complex Subject, условные предложения, модальные глаголы
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